First, the composition of lithium batteries.
Lithium batteries are mainly composed of two major components, the core and the protection plate PCM (power battery is generally known as the battery management system BMS), the core is equivalent to the heart of the lithium battery, the management system is equivalent to the brain of the lithium battery.
The core is mainly composed of positive materials, negative materials, electrolyte, diaphragm and shell, while the protection board is mainly composed of protection chip (or management chip), MOS tubes, resistors, capacitors and PCB boards.
Second, lithium battery classification.
Lithium batteries can be divided into two categories: disposable non-rechargeable batteries and secondary rechargeable batteries (also known as storage batteries).
Non-rechargeable batteries such as lithium manganese dioxide batteries, lithium - thionamide batteries.
Secondary rechargeable batteries can be divided into the following categories according to different situations.
1. According to the appearance: square lithium batteries and cylindrical lithium batteries.
2. According to the package material: aluminum lithium batteries, steel lithium batteries, soft pack batteries.
3. According to the cathode material: LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, LiNixCoyMnzO2, LiFePO4.
4. According to the electrolyte state: lithium-ion batteries and polymer batteries.
5. According to the use: ordinary batteries and power batteries.
6. According to performance characteristics: high-capacity batteries, high-rate batteries, high-temperature batteries, low-temperature batteries and so on.
Third, lithium battery process.
Different batteries, different manufacturers process has some differences, the detailed process will be very complex. The core production process mainly consists of the manufacturing of pole pieces, core production, battery assembly, liquid injection, chemical formation, sorting and other processes. From batching to winding, positive electrode and negative electrode are done in different workshops at the same time, and the positive and negative electrodes are done at the same time and then the later processes are done together. In between, different QA segments for quality inspection are inserted.
Lithium battery protection and management requirements and systems.
Due to the characteristics of lithium battery itself, it must be added with battery protection board or battery management system. Batteries without protection board or management system are prohibited to use, and there will be a huge safety hazard. Safety is always the first priority for the battery system. Batteries that are not well protected or managed may be at risk of shortened life, damage or explosion.
Battery protection boards are mainly used in consumer products such as cell phones and laptops.
Battery management systems are mainly used in power batteries, large systems like electric vehicles, electric bicycles, and energy storage.
Fifth, the battery charging requirements.
Lithium battery mainstream charging method is constant current and constant voltage, first constant current charging, to a certain potential and then constant voltage charging, a good charger can also be trickle-charged according to the voltage state of the battery, some systems in the back of the pulse charging method is also added to the charging process, in addition to setting the end of charging according to the time.
General chargers are integrated with current limitation, voltage limitation, over-voltage protection, over-current protection, over-temperature protection, anti-reverse connection and other functions.
